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Pristatytas naujas vandeniliu varomas miesto automobilis (Video)


Antradienį Didžiosios Britanijos sostinėje Londone buvo pristatyta automobilio idėja, kurios pagrindinis tikslas - įveikti tris pagrindines technologines kliūtis, iškylančias kuriant vandeniliu varomą automobilį.

Kaip ir kiti vandeniliniai automobiliai, „Riversimple“ miesto automobilis (RUC) yra varomas kuru, kuris gaunamas vandeniliui jungiantis su deguonimi ir tokiu būdu išlaisvinant energiją. RUC kūrėjai tvirtina, jog kurdami mažą, efektyvų automobilį, jie pradėjo nuo nulio, tačiau ši idėja gali būti įgyvendinta pakankamai greitai.

Nors tokia stambi kompanija „Honda“ prognozuoja, jog jos vandenilinis automobilis „FCX Clarity“ masiškai gaminti bus pradėtas tik 2018 metais, tuo tarpu RUC autoriai tikisi, kad „Riversimple“ bus pradėtas gaminti jau 2011 metais.

Švaresnis kuras

Jei vandenilis bus gaunamas iš atsinaujinančių energijos šaltinių arba bus pakankamai efektyviai naudojamas, gali sumažėti tarša miestuose ir anglies dvideginio išmetimas. Tačiau egzistuoja trys pagrindinės problemos, susijusios su vandenilinio automobilio sukūrimu:

  • kuro elementams reikia brangiai kainuojančios platinos,
  • yra sudėtinga sukurti pakankamai galingą transporto priemonę,
  • vandenilį sunku laikyti dideliais kiekiais.

„Šios kliūtys yra labai realios, bet jas labai sureikšmino didžiosios automobilių gamintojos, - sakė „Riversimple“ kūrėjas ir automobilių mechanikas Hugo Spowers. – Jeigu automobilis yra lengvas ir efektyvus, šios kliūtys gali būti sumažintos“.

RUC yra automobilio „Smart“ dydžio, jo masė siekia 350 kilogramų (772 paundus) ir iš viso sunaudoja 6 kilovatus galios. Tuo tarpu jau minėtas  „Honda FCX Clarity“ naudoja net 100 kilovatų.

300 kilometrų reikia vos 1 kilogramo skysto vandenilio (prie normalaus atmosferos slėgio toks kiekis užima 26 litrus). Didžiausias šio automobilio greitis – 50 mylių per valandą (80,4672 kilometrų per valandą), o 30 mylių per valandą (48 km/h) greitį RUC gali pasiekti per 5,5 sekundes. Jei vandenilis gaunamas iš gamtinių dujų, išmetamas anglies dioksido kiekis važiuojant mieste siekia vos 30 g/km.

Be baterijos?

RUC varomas keturiais elektros varikliais – po vieną kiekviename rate. Šie varikliai buvo sukurti Oksfordo universitete. Toks variklių panaudojimas leidžia sumažinti energijos poreikį net 50 proc. Tai yra žymiai daugiau, nei gali dauguma elektra varomų bei hibridinių automobilių. 

Be to, RUC automobiliuose nenaudojama baterija. Jie remiasi ultrakondensatoriais, kurie gali priimti ir išlaisvinti energiją daug greičiau. „Greitai didinant greitį, net 70 proc. energijos gaunama iš ultrakondensatorių“, - sakė Hugo Spowers.

Įgyvendinamas planas

Automobilio projektas, išskyrus variklį ir kuro elementus, bus visiems prieinamas. Tai reiškia, kad kiekvienas asmuo arba kiekviena kompanija galės susipažinti su šiuo projektu.

Vis dėlto pats automobilis nebus viešai pardavinėjamas - jis bus nuomojamas. „Mes siekiame paskatinti žmones kuo ilgiau juos išbandyti, priprasti ir ne iš karto pakeisti savo transporto priemones“, - tvirtino Hugo Spowers.

Jis tikisi, kad nuomoti šiuos automobilius bus pradėta jau 2011 metais, nedideliame Didžiosios Britanijos mieste. Į nuomos kainą bus įtrauktas ir nemokamas priėjimas prie specialių vandenilio papildymo stočių. Tikimasi, kad kaina sieks 200 svarų sterlingų (330 dolerių) per mėnesį.


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